Meaning
An electromagnetic compatibility test procedure quantifies the unwanted radio frequency energy emitted by a device through its chassis and cabling. These radiated spurious measurements ensure that wireless products do not cause interference in neighboring frequency bands during normal operation. The testing includes both the harmonics of the intentional transmitter and any unintended emissions from internal digital clocks.
Test Environment
The evaluation is performed within an anechoic or semi-anechoic chamber to block external wireless signals and prevent internal reflections. High-performance antennas are placed at a standardized distance of three meters from the equipment under test to capture emissions. Calibration of these antenna paths is performed regularly to account for cable losses and receiver drift.
Chamber Procedure
During the scan, the equipment is placed on a rotating turntable and operated in its highest power transmitting mode. The receiving antenna is raised and lowered while the table rotates through three hundred and sixty degrees to scan for peak emissions. This thorough scanning process ensures that any directional radiation pattern is detected and recorded.
Regulatory Limit
Compliance bodies enforce strict limits on these emissions to protect global radio services. Devices that exceed the allowed thresholds must undergo shielding modifications or circuit layout changes before gaining market approval.