Extracted Millimeter Wave Dielectric Variations Impact on Automotive Radar Type Approvals
Substrate dielectric drift at 77 GHz alters antenna phase and EIRP, requiring strict raw material controls to prevent regulatory non-compliance and re-filings.
RED Directive 2014/53/EU
Meaning
Harmonized legal standards in the European Union establish the essential requirements for safety, electromagnetic compatibility, and efficient spectrum use for wireless products. The RED Directive 2014/53/EU applies to all equipment that intentionally emits or receives radio waves for communication or radiodetermination. Manufacturers must satisfy these legal criteria before placing any radio device on the market within the European Economic Area.
The regulation demands that devices are built to prevent harmful interference with other wireless services and use the spectrum efficiently.
Compliance Scope
The regulatory framework covers a broad range of products, from low-power consumer modules to high-power industrial transmitters. This compliance scope includes any device operating at frequencies up to 3000 gigahertz. Devices must also comply with safety standards designed to protect human health from electromagnetic fields.
Even receive-only equipment falls under these rules to ensure it does not generate unexpected electrical noise.
Technical Standard
Manufacturers demonstrate compliance by testing their devices against harmonized standards. Each technical standard is published in the official journal of the European Union. The resulting files are archived.
Market Authorization
Once a product has been shown to meet all essential requirements, the manufacturer drafts a declaration of conformity and applies the CE marking to the device. This market authorization allows the product to be sold freely across all member states. If a device has undergone modification, the manufacturer must assess whether the change requires a new evaluation.
The updated technical documentation must be archived for ten years after the device is last placed on the market.